agriculture 农业

chinampa agriculture 奇南帕农业

coercive power 强制性权力

consensual power 共识性权力

domestication 驯化

Early Agrarian era 农业时代早期

Holocene epoch 全新世

horticulture 园艺农业

intensification 集约化

power 权力

sedentism 定居生活

swidden agriculture 火耕农业

symbiosis 共生现象

wave of advance model 前进波模式

① Peter Kareiva, Sean Watts, Robert McDonald, and Tim Boucher, “Domesticated Nature: Shaping Landscapes and Ecosystems for Human Welfare,” Science 29 （June 2007）:1866-69．doi:10.1126/science.1140170.

② David Christian, Maps of Time: An Introduction to Big History, 2nd ed. （Berkeley: University of California Press, 2011）, 229.

③ Chris Scarre, ed., The Human Past: World Prehistory and the Development of Human Societies （London: Thames & Hudson, 2005）, 209.

④ Lauren Ristvet, In the Beginning: World History from Human Evolution to the First States （New York: McGraw-Hill, 2007）, 41.

⑤ Chris Scarre, ed., The Human Past: World Prehistory and the Development of Human Societies （London: Thames & Hudson, 2005）, 235－243.

⑥ Chris Scarre, ed., The Human Past: World Prehistory and the Development of Human Societies （London: Thames & Hudson, 2005）, 313－347.

⑦ Matthias Schulz, “Neolithic Immigration: How Middle Eastern Milk Drinkers Conquered Europe,” Spiegel Online International, October 15, 2010.

⑧ R. Robinson, “Ancient DNA Indicates Farmers, Not Just Farming, Spread West,” PLoS Biology 8, no. 11 （2010）:e1000535, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000535.

⑨ Randi Haaland, “Sedentism, Cultivation, and Plant Domestication in the Holocene Middle Nile Region,” Journal of Field Archaeology 22, no. 2 （Summer 1995）:157-174.

⑩ Lauren Ristvet, In the Beginning: World History from Human Evolution to the First States （New York: McGraw-Hill, 2007）, 78.

⑪ Scarre, The Human Past: World Prehistory and the Development of Human Societies （London: Thames & Hudson, 2005）, 718.

⑫ William Ruddiman, Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum: How Humans Took Control of Climate （Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005）.